Proverbs, Chapter 20 - Insights on Human Behavior and Life

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

When you think of a king, imagine the chilling roar of a lion. That's what it feels like to face a ruler's wrath—it’s terrifying. Just as Proverbs mentions, kings should strike fear in those who commit evil deeds, not in those who do good. This holds especially true for the ultimate King—the King of Kings—who will someday bring justice to wrongdoers.

Now, provoking such a powerful figure is essentially endangering your own life. It's as if you're committing a grave sin, putting yourself at risk of facing the consequences. Proverbs 8:36 captures this sentiment perfectly. So, it’s wise to steer clear of actions that might incite such anger.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

Stepping away from a fight can be a mark of true character. Consider Abraham, who once faced conflict with his neighbor and chose to walk away. Whether it's a neighborhood spat, a legal tussle, or even a heated debate on faith, sometimes it’s wise to admit faults or recognize when a dispute goes nowhere. It’s honorable to let it go. On the flip side, fools tend to stir the pot on issues they don’t fully grasp, often to their own embarrassment. So, while walking away might seem like a loss, it’s often the smartest move for your dignity.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

In modern terms, this ancient wisdom still rings true: If you're too lazy to work in the chilly autumn, when it's time to plow the fields, you can't complain when harvest season arrives and you have nothing to show for it. The procrastinator, who can't be bothered to step out in the cold for a bit of hard work, will find himself begging for food from those who did, only to be turned away. It's a proverb that underscores a timeless lesson: effort begets reward.

In a spiritual sense, it’s much the same. Those who neglect their inner life and ignore the pursuit of grace and spiritual duties will find themselves wanting when it's too late. Like the foolish bridesmaids in the parable who ran out of oil or the rich man yearning for a drop of water from Abraham in the afterlife—both missed their chance because they didn't prepare when they should have. The message is clear: diligence today prevents regret tomorrow.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

Insights within a person's heart are like deep water: pure and undisturbed, yet often hidden and hard to access. This metaphor reflects the private nature of our thoughts and plans, which, while clear to a divine observer, are not easily understood by others. This is particularly true for those who are reserved or secretive, be they schemers or diligent thinkers who are rich in wisdom but not prone to sharing.

However, an astute individual knows how to draw out these hidden insights. Through careful questioning and a keen sense of understanding, such a person can unveil the secret plans of the deceitful and extract valuable wisdom from the knowledgeable yet reticent. Just as one must work diligently to draw water from a deep well, similarly, it takes effort to elicit worthwhile information from those who hold it close, but the wisdom gained is often invaluable.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

In our world today, much like in the biblical times highlighted by John Gill, many people are quick to tout their own virtues, much like the Pharisees of Jesus' time. They performed their religious duties for all to see, ensuring their good deeds, like giving to the poor, were noted by the public. This desire to appear virtuous and benevolent is widespread. People often announce their charitable acts, similar to how Pharisees would sound a trumpet to draw attention.

Yet, despite the noise about personal goodness, finding someone who genuinely lives up to their claims is rare. A "faithful man," someone who follows through on promises and continues to support friends in tough times, is hard to come by. Many boast of their good deeds, but few consistently act with true, unwavering kindness and integrity. This echoes sentiments from Psalms about the scarcity of honest, truly good people. So, while everyone might be talking about their good works, discovering an individual of true, dependable character remains a challenge.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

A righteous person lives with integrity, staying true to their faith and the teachings of the Gospel. This integrity not only benefits them but also brings blessings to their children. These blessings can be both material and spiritual, extending even to eternal happiness. It's a notion shared by ancient poets that the offspring of the virtuous thrive, unlike those of the wicked.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

A king who personally oversees justice from his throne, much like David and Solomon, doesn’t rely on intermediaries. This hands-on approach means he swiftly recognizes and addresses wrongdoing. His mere presence deters false claims and unworthy causes, ensuring that those who dare to deceive face swift and shaming punishments.

Think of it as a contemporary leader who directly confronts corruption, rooting it out with sharp discernment, setting a clear example. Similarly, in a broader sense, this imagery extends to Christ, the ultimate judge with piercing insight, who will eventually separate the righteous from the wicked in final judgment.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

In essence, John Gill tackles the human facade of achieving personal purity and righteousness without divine intervention. He argues that our hearts are inherently tinged with sin—no aspect of our mind, conscience, or emotions remains untainted. Despite the concept of a pure heart existing, it is not something humans can attain alone. Only God, who created us, holds the power to cleanse our hearts, with this transformation attributed solely to divine grace and the sacrificial blood of Christ.

He points out that while believers who have been washed in the blood of Christ may be seen as pure and righteous in God's eyes—free from the legal charges of sin and adorned in the symbolic fine linen of purity—they still cannot claim to be devoid of sin completely. If someone asserts otherwise, Gill labels them as either ignorant of their own flaws, hypocritically self-righteous, or simply dishonest. In his view, recognizing our inability to cleanse ourselves underscores the necessity of seeking divine grace.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

In ancient times, it wasn't uncommon for folks to engage in shady business practices. Imagine if you went to the market and discovered that the weights and measures were rigged—that's exactly what scripture warns against. They used to use stones for weighing and an "ephah" for measuring. These needed to be consistent; you shouldn't have one weight for purchasing and another for selling, just like you shouldn't use one measure that’s generous for buying in and a stingy one for selling out.

From a divine perspective, this kind of deceit isn't just frowned upon; it's outright detestable. The message is clear: righteousness is cherished; injustice is loathed. It’s a timeless reminder to treat each other fairly and with honesty, a principle that's as relevant today as it was back then.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

Even children reveal their nature through their actions, much like adults. As Jesus said, "You will know them by their fruits." Early on, you can often glimpse a child's potential — whether they might grow up wise or foolish, virtuous or wayward. While these impressions are not foolproof, they can offer parents some direction in guiding their child's development and future prospects.

Some interpretations suggest that a child can be quite the chameleon, skillfully hiding their true intentions and character. This deception can make it tricky to predict their future self accurately. If children can mask their true selves so effectively, it stands to reason adults could be even more elusive.

Ultimately, it's not just about assessing a child's current behavior but considering what it might indicate about their future. While we can't be certain, these observations can be useful, especially in spotting when someone is playing a deceitful part.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

In life, we often take for granted our ability to hear and see, but according to biblical thought, these critical senses are deeply significant gifts from the divine. John Gills, a noted biblical scholar, explains that while artists can create depictions of ears and eyes, true hearing and seeing come from the hand of God. These faculties are considered profound blessings and tools for acquiring knowledge, and they should be cherished and used wisely.

Gills delves into a figurative interpretation as well. For instance, "the seeing eye" might symbolize a civil magistrate—those who oversee and protect society, much like eyes guard the natural body. Meanwhile, "the hearing ear" could represent an obedient citizen who listens to and follows laws. According to this view, both governance and compliance are divine creations, functioning effectively under God’s guidance.

In another sense, Gills sees "the seeing eye" as the role of spiritual leaders who guide the faithful, and "the hearing ear" as the believers who embrace and act on their teachings. Above all, he suggests these senses refer to spiritually awakened individuals. These are people who interpret life through a divine lens, recognizing their own flaws, understanding the value of righteousness, and perceiving the grace found in faith.

Ultimately, Gills emphasizes that such spiritual awareness isn't naturally inherent but is bestowed through divine intervention, making the act of truly seeing and hearing not just biological but profoundly spiritual milestones.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

"Don't fall in love with sleep, or you'll risk poverty. Sleep is a fantastic natural gift, something truly to be thankful for. But just like any good thing, it should be enjoyed in moderation. Overindulgence can lead to missed opportunities and unfulfilled responsibilities, ending in financial hardship.

Instead, wake up, stay alert, and put in the effort required by your work. By doing so, you'll ensure that you and your family have all you need. This principle doesn't just apply to our physical lives but also to our spiritual well-being. Staying vigilant and committed to your duties will bring satisfaction and fulfillment, both materially and spiritually. So, keep your eyes open, stay active, and you'll find yourself well-provided for."

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

When negotiating a purchase, it's common for buyers to downplay the value of an item, picking at its flaws and insisting it's overpriced. But once they seal the deal and leave the shop, they can’t wait to brag about the bargain they snagged. Among friends, the tale of the conquest becomes a boast about their shrewdness and cunning, reveling in how they outsmarted the seller. However, it's worth noting that such duplicitous joy is misguided.

There's also a parallel drawn by Jarchi, who likens this behavior to the diligent scholar. Initially, the path to wisdom feels arduous and thankless, leaving them frustrated. But once they master their studies, pride and satisfaction follow. The parallels highlight the common human tendency to initially discount the journey or the goods, only to later revel in their acquired gains.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

In an era where material wealth is often flaunted and admired, it's easy to forget that true worth lies elsewhere. Sure, you might have a trove of gold or a collection of shimmering rubies stashed away, and let's face it, many people do. These treasures can be found in mines and on display in lavish homes and private collections.

Yet, there's something far more valuable that doesn't come wrapped in vaults or safety deposit boxes—the gift of knowledge and the ability to articulate it. Whether it's knowledge of the natural world or the prowess to share that wisdom eloquently, this intangible asset outshines even the most glittering jewels. Precious beyond compare, such knowledge doesn't just compete with earthly riches but soars way above them.

Take, for instance, the wisdom encapsulated in ancient texts like the Book of Job, which hints at this truth. Spiritual knowledge and the ability to uplift others with it? That's the kind of treasure that outlasts gold and rubies, and is leagues ahead in genuine worth. Moreover, the epitome of this wisdom is knowing Christ, often regarded as the ultimate wisdom of God. Compared to this divine insight, material riches pale into insignificance, practically turning to dust.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

In the wisdom of Proverbs, a stern piece of advice stands out: if someone is foolish enough to guarantee a loan for a stranger, don't trust them without securing collateral, like their garment. This is because their involvement in suretyship—a risky financial commitment—could lead them to ruin. While biblical law didn't permit taking the garment of a poor man as collateral after sunset, it was acceptable when dealing with someone who had or claimed to have enough wealth to act as a guarantor.

Some interpret this proverb as a prophetic warning: a person who cosigns for a stranger may end up losing everything, down to the clothes on their back. Interestingly, this has even been linked to Jesus Christ, who, in taking on human form, essentially became a guarantor for humankind's sins.

Furthermore, the scripture advises caution when dealing with someone entangled with a promiscuous woman, or "strange woman." Those engaged in such relationships are on a path to financial and moral downfall, making them unreliable in business. It's a clear warning to protect oneself and secure any dealings with such individuals to avoid being pulled into their potential ruin.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

In simpler terms, John Gills discusses the nature of deceitful actions and their ultimate consequences. Initially, deceit can seem enticing and harmless, much like sweet bread. Sin, or immoral behavior, often has an attractive facade, but it's fundamentally hollow and deceptive. It promises joy, success, respect, freedom, and peace, but in reality, it delivers pain, loss, shame, imprisonment, and ultimately, destruction.

To clarify, deceitful actions might range from acts of adultery, illicit gains, to the persecution of others for personal satisfaction. Even the deceptive practices of institutions, like the historical persecution by the Church of Rome, are highlighted. Similarly, false teachings and doctrines, likened to the teachings of the Pharisees and Sadducees, offer no real nourishment or stability. These teachings are superficial and lead followers astray, as opposed to the solid and truthful teachings of the Gospel.

In the end, the sweetness of deceit gives way to dire consequences—like having one’s mouth filled with gravel. This metaphor represents the deep regret, discomfort, and the harsh reality that follows deceit and sin. What starts as seemingly pleasurable ends in severe remorse and distress, underlining the dangerous path of dishonesty and false doctrines. It’s a reminder that genuine fulfillment can’t be built on lies and immoral actions.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

Every plan finds strength in good advice, be it from friends, God, or other wise sources. This aligns your intentions with a broader sense of good, ensuring that your actions benefit both yourself and others while glorifying a higher purpose.

When it comes to making serious decisions, like going to war, it’s crucial to have thorough discussions and consult various perspectives. Consider the justification for the conflict, as well as the resources required to sustain it, and always evaluate potential outcomes. Leaders, in particular, should lean on their councils and seek divine guidance before taking such grave steps.

This concept also applies to our metaphorical battles, like those against personal vices or broader societal issues. Consulting seasoned individuals and drawing wisdom from spiritual teachings can provide you with the right tools and strategies. Understanding the nature of your challenges and preparing accordingly can make all the difference.

Essentially, sound counsel serves as a foundation for any significant endeavor, reinforcing the pursuit of noble objectives with wisdom and careful planning.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

The proverb advises vigilance against the neighborhood gossip who can't keep a secret. Such a person, who often claims to know everyone's private affairs, flits from house to house, spreading potentially damaging tales. This behavior not only harms those whose secrets are shared but also those who hear these stories. It goes against the teachings of both Moses and Christian doctrine.

To protect yourself, steer clear of anyone who excessively flatters you. Slick talkers usually have ulterior motives, aiming to extract your secrets only to reveal them later for their gain. This advice extends to beware of false teachers who deceive with charming words. The message is clear: be wary of those who might exploit your trust to betray you.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

Cursing one’s parents is undeniably shocking and indicates a profound level of wickedness. Our parents are the ones who have nurtured and guided us, so to show them contempt or to mock them is disgraceful enough. But to curse them? That’s appalling and certainly invites serious consequences from a higher power.

Those who engage in such behavior can expect severe repercussions. The biblical text warns that their “lamp shall be put out in obscure darkness,” suggesting a loss of natural sight or perhaps a deeper spiritual blindness. Any favor they might have enjoyed from the divine will be gone. Their once bright prospects will be extinguished, plunging them into darkness akin to eternal damnation.

This isn't just about physical death but also implies a sort of eternal separation, a permanent state of grief and isolation, as spelled out in various scriptural references. The stark message is clear: to curse one’s parents is to bring upon oneself a darkness that reaches far beyond our earthly existence.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

In the realm of inheritance, rushing to acquire wealth often leads to issues. While some may start their business ventures earnestly and legally, an inheritance gained too quickly usually implies shady dealings, and such gains rarely last. Jewish scholars like Gersom suggest that easy inheritances, received without effort, are easily squandered. The proverb hints that ill-gotten wealth, driven by greed and dubious methods, is often cursed from the start.

The ultimate fate of such hastily-gained wealth is grim—it rarely endures and typically finds its way into other hands. This idea is echoed through the example of the tribes of Gad and Reuben in biblical times, who were quick to claim their land and eventually were the first to be exiled. As the wisdom goes, not all that glitters is gold, and the quick riches often come with their own set of problems.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

Instead of saying, "I’ll get even," when someone wrongs you, resist the urge for revenge. That's not your job; it’s God's. Take a step back and trust that justice, in the grand scheme of things, is His domain. Be patient, do what’s right, and have faith that in due time, He’ll deliver justice and mend your troubles.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

The use of dishonest weights and measures is something the Lord deeply despises. It's such a significant issue that it is repeatedly mentioned in scripture, probably because it was a rampant problem among the Jews at the time. While people might think they can profit from using a false balance, it ultimately backfires. According to biblical teaching, not only does it offend God, but it also invokes a curse on one's gains, turning short-term success into long-term loss.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

Our paths, according to biblical scholar John Gill, are fundamentally guided by the hand of God. Whether in our day-to-day movements or life's larger journeys, Gill asserts that the divine influence is ever-present. He underscores that our ability to move, live, and prosper stems from a divine providence that not only preserves us but also orchestrates our journey's success.

In practical terms, everything from our daily business to significant life decisions falls under God's providential care. According to Gill, the timing and outcome of our actions are divinely orchestrated. Even our spiritual journeys—seeking faith, finding righteousness, or walking in moral paths—are influenced by God's grace. Faith itself, seen as a journey to Christ for salvation, is not self-initiated but is considered a divine gift.

Gill goes on to say that understanding our path in life, especially its ultimate outcome, is beyond our human capacity. Whether considering the outcome of a simple journey or the broader aspects of our personal and civil lives, much remains unknown and unpredictable. This extends to spiritual matters where, according to Gill, individuals in their natural state are often oblivious to their spiritual destination. They may not grasp their duties or the divine will without divine intervention or revelation.

Overall, Gill presents a view where God's providence is the ultimate navigator of human life and destiny, making the understanding of our own way a profound and often elusive endeavor.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

In modern-day terms, it's detrimental for a person to misuse or take for themselves that which has been dedicated to sacred purposes—like donations or religious offerings. Doing so is considered a grave wrong and brings about significant consequences, as pointed out in the book of Malachi.

Likewise, it's imprudent to make vows or promises without careful consideration beforehand. One should contemplate the feasibility and appropriateness of the vow before committing to it. Once made, a vow binds you, and trying to backtrack or find loopholes later is both unwise and ethically questionable. The story of Ananias and Sapphira in the Acts of the Apostles illustrates the severe repercussions of not honoring such commitments. Essentially, it's better not to make a vow at all than to make one and fail to follow through, underscoring the importance of thoughtful commitment.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

A wise ruler knows how to disperse those with ill intentions. Like separating chaff from wheat, he distances the corrupt from his circle, breaking their schemes and alliances. Essentially, he identifies, exposes, and shuns them.

In ancient times, farmers used a cart wheel to crush grain during threshing. Similarly, some interpret this action as a form of ancient punishment involving wheels or iron harrows. The broader metaphor suggests a leader's power to enact justice swiftly.

Some see this as an allusion to God’s retaliation against Pharaoh, dealing with foes measure for measure. This can also be seen as a representation of Christ, who separates the worthy from the unworthy, ensuring evil is thoroughly removed.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

The human spirit is often seen as a divine spark, a guiding light from the Lord. This inner light, often linked to our rational soul, was originally bright and steady but has dimmed due to sin, offering only a faint glimpse of divine truths and God's intentions. Imagine it as a candlelight—helpful, but paling in comparison to the blazing sun of divine revelation and the Gospel of God's grace. The sun, metaphorically speaking, represents the full glory of Christ Jesus and the divine Spirit, far outshining our natural understanding.

This inner light, or conscience, still plays a crucial role. It's like a candle placed inside us by the Lord, coming from the Creator of all lights. It allows us to scrutinize our deepest thoughts and intentions, examining whether they align with righteousness. Our conscience, unless completely dulled, serves as an internal judge, evaluating and guiding our actions. This introspective process of evaluating our inner workings is what allows us to navigate moral decisions and align ourselves, albeit imperfectly, with divine will.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

The essence of leadership relies on two critical virtues: compassion and integrity. These qualities are paramount for any ruler who wishes to lead not with an iron fist, but with empathy and leniency. By alleviating burdens and pressures wherever possible and demonstrating a willingness to forgive when appropriate, a leader can win the hearts of their people. Additionally, steadfastness in keeping promises and adhering to the laws and constitution fosters trust and respect. This blend of mercy and truth not only secures the ruler's position but also ensures their protection from adversaries. The strength of their reign is rooted in this compassionate approach, which sustains both their throne and their kingdom.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

In the prime of their youth, men are often celebrated for their strength. This vigor is a great asset, especially when directed towards serving their nation, their king, or a higher calling such as faith and religion. However, they should remain humble about their physical prowess.

Conversely, with age comes the wisdom marked by gray hair, which signifies prudence and experience. This proverb highlights the unique and valuable contributions of both the young and the elderly. Young men bring strength; old men offer guidance. Both groups are essential, whether in society or within a community of faith. Neither should look down on the other because each brings something irreplaceable to the table.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

Wounds can have a cleansing effect, both physically and emotionally. In the same way that a scrape or bruise can rid the body of impurities, life's harsher lessons can reform and renew us. Some people need to face tough challenges—being "beaten black and blue," figuratively speaking—to mend their ways.

For those who follow a spiritual path, these difficult experiences, or "sanctified afflictions," help purify their hearts and cleanse their souls from sin. Nothing, however, is said to be as effective in cleansing the soul as the sacrifice and suffering of Jesus.

This notion extends to the idea that physical punishment and corrections touch the deepest parts of our being, bringing a newfound awareness and repentance for one’s wrongdoings. Like a mirror, they reflect our transgressions and urge us to abandon them. When we face the consequences of our actions, we mourn our mistakes, confess them, and resolve to change.

Ultimately, these moments of discipline not only clear our conscience but also lead us closer to spiritual redemption, which, for Christians, is epitomized in the wounds and sacrifice of Christ. Through this, both our heart and conscience find purification.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

When you think of a king, imagine the chilling roar of a lion. That's what it feels like to face a ruler's wrath—it’s terrifying. Just as Proverbs mentions, kings should strike fear in those who commit evil deeds, not in those who do good. This holds especially true for the ultimate King—the King of Kings—who will someday bring justice to wrongdoers.

Now, provoking such a powerful figure is essentially endangering your own life. It's as if you're committing a grave sin, putting yourself at risk of facing the consequences. Proverbs 8:36 captures this sentiment perfectly. So, it’s wise to steer clear of actions that might incite such anger.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

Stepping away from a fight can be a mark of true character. Consider Abraham, who once faced conflict with his neighbor and chose to walk away. Whether it's a neighborhood spat, a legal tussle, or even a heated debate on faith, sometimes it’s wise to admit faults or recognize when a dispute goes nowhere. It’s honorable to let it go. On the flip side, fools tend to stir the pot on issues they don’t fully grasp, often to their own embarrassment. So, while walking away might seem like a loss, it’s often the smartest move for your dignity.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

In modern terms, this ancient wisdom still rings true: If you're too lazy to work in the chilly autumn, when it's time to plow the fields, you can't complain when harvest season arrives and you have nothing to show for it. The procrastinator, who can't be bothered to step out in the cold for a bit of hard work, will find himself begging for food from those who did, only to be turned away. It's a proverb that underscores a timeless lesson: effort begets reward.

In a spiritual sense, it’s much the same. Those who neglect their inner life and ignore the pursuit of grace and spiritual duties will find themselves wanting when it's too late. Like the foolish bridesmaids in the parable who ran out of oil or the rich man yearning for a drop of water from Abraham in the afterlife—both missed their chance because they didn't prepare when they should have. The message is clear: diligence today prevents regret tomorrow.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

Insights within a person's heart are like deep water: pure and undisturbed, yet often hidden and hard to access. This metaphor reflects the private nature of our thoughts and plans, which, while clear to a divine observer, are not easily understood by others. This is particularly true for those who are reserved or secretive, be they schemers or diligent thinkers who are rich in wisdom but not prone to sharing.

However, an astute individual knows how to draw out these hidden insights. Through careful questioning and a keen sense of understanding, such a person can unveil the secret plans of the deceitful and extract valuable wisdom from the knowledgeable yet reticent. Just as one must work diligently to draw water from a deep well, similarly, it takes effort to elicit worthwhile information from those who hold it close, but the wisdom gained is often invaluable.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

In our world today, much like in the biblical times highlighted by John Gill, many people are quick to tout their own virtues, much like the Pharisees of Jesus' time. They performed their religious duties for all to see, ensuring their good deeds, like giving to the poor, were noted by the public. This desire to appear virtuous and benevolent is widespread. People often announce their charitable acts, similar to how Pharisees would sound a trumpet to draw attention.

Yet, despite the noise about personal goodness, finding someone who genuinely lives up to their claims is rare. A "faithful man," someone who follows through on promises and continues to support friends in tough times, is hard to come by. Many boast of their good deeds, but few consistently act with true, unwavering kindness and integrity. This echoes sentiments from Psalms about the scarcity of honest, truly good people. So, while everyone might be talking about their good works, discovering an individual of true, dependable character remains a challenge.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

A righteous person lives with integrity, staying true to their faith and the teachings of the Gospel. This integrity not only benefits them but also brings blessings to their children. These blessings can be both material and spiritual, extending even to eternal happiness. It's a notion shared by ancient poets that the offspring of the virtuous thrive, unlike those of the wicked.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

A king who personally oversees justice from his throne, much like David and Solomon, doesn’t rely on intermediaries. This hands-on approach means he swiftly recognizes and addresses wrongdoing. His mere presence deters false claims and unworthy causes, ensuring that those who dare to deceive face swift and shaming punishments.

Think of it as a contemporary leader who directly confronts corruption, rooting it out with sharp discernment, setting a clear example. Similarly, in a broader sense, this imagery extends to Christ, the ultimate judge with piercing insight, who will eventually separate the righteous from the wicked in final judgment.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

In essence, John Gill tackles the human facade of achieving personal purity and righteousness without divine intervention. He argues that our hearts are inherently tinged with sin—no aspect of our mind, conscience, or emotions remains untainted. Despite the concept of a pure heart existing, it is not something humans can attain alone. Only God, who created us, holds the power to cleanse our hearts, with this transformation attributed solely to divine grace and the sacrificial blood of Christ.

He points out that while believers who have been washed in the blood of Christ may be seen as pure and righteous in God's eyes—free from the legal charges of sin and adorned in the symbolic fine linen of purity—they still cannot claim to be devoid of sin completely. If someone asserts otherwise, Gill labels them as either ignorant of their own flaws, hypocritically self-righteous, or simply dishonest. In his view, recognizing our inability to cleanse ourselves underscores the necessity of seeking divine grace.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

In ancient times, it wasn't uncommon for folks to engage in shady business practices. Imagine if you went to the market and discovered that the weights and measures were rigged—that's exactly what scripture warns against. They used to use stones for weighing and an "ephah" for measuring. These needed to be consistent; you shouldn't have one weight for purchasing and another for selling, just like you shouldn't use one measure that’s generous for buying in and a stingy one for selling out.

From a divine perspective, this kind of deceit isn't just frowned upon; it's outright detestable. The message is clear: righteousness is cherished; injustice is loathed. It’s a timeless reminder to treat each other fairly and with honesty, a principle that's as relevant today as it was back then.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

Even children reveal their nature through their actions, much like adults. As Jesus said, "You will know them by their fruits." Early on, you can often glimpse a child's potential — whether they might grow up wise or foolish, virtuous or wayward. While these impressions are not foolproof, they can offer parents some direction in guiding their child's development and future prospects.

Some interpretations suggest that a child can be quite the chameleon, skillfully hiding their true intentions and character. This deception can make it tricky to predict their future self accurately. If children can mask their true selves so effectively, it stands to reason adults could be even more elusive.

Ultimately, it's not just about assessing a child's current behavior but considering what it might indicate about their future. While we can't be certain, these observations can be useful, especially in spotting when someone is playing a deceitful part.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

In life, we often take for granted our ability to hear and see, but according to biblical thought, these critical senses are deeply significant gifts from the divine. John Gills, a noted biblical scholar, explains that while artists can create depictions of ears and eyes, true hearing and seeing come from the hand of God. These faculties are considered profound blessings and tools for acquiring knowledge, and they should be cherished and used wisely.

Gills delves into a figurative interpretation as well. For instance, "the seeing eye" might symbolize a civil magistrate—those who oversee and protect society, much like eyes guard the natural body. Meanwhile, "the hearing ear" could represent an obedient citizen who listens to and follows laws. According to this view, both governance and compliance are divine creations, functioning effectively under God’s guidance.

In another sense, Gills sees "the seeing eye" as the role of spiritual leaders who guide the faithful, and "the hearing ear" as the believers who embrace and act on their teachings. Above all, he suggests these senses refer to spiritually awakened individuals. These are people who interpret life through a divine lens, recognizing their own flaws, understanding the value of righteousness, and perceiving the grace found in faith.

Ultimately, Gills emphasizes that such spiritual awareness isn't naturally inherent but is bestowed through divine intervention, making the act of truly seeing and hearing not just biological but profoundly spiritual milestones.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

"Don't fall in love with sleep, or you'll risk poverty. Sleep is a fantastic natural gift, something truly to be thankful for. But just like any good thing, it should be enjoyed in moderation. Overindulgence can lead to missed opportunities and unfulfilled responsibilities, ending in financial hardship.

Instead, wake up, stay alert, and put in the effort required by your work. By doing so, you'll ensure that you and your family have all you need. This principle doesn't just apply to our physical lives but also to our spiritual well-being. Staying vigilant and committed to your duties will bring satisfaction and fulfillment, both materially and spiritually. So, keep your eyes open, stay active, and you'll find yourself well-provided for."

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Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

When negotiating a purchase, it's common for buyers to downplay the value of an item, picking at its flaws and insisting it's overpriced. But once they seal the deal and leave the shop, they can’t wait to brag about the bargain they snagged. Among friends, the tale of the conquest becomes a boast about their shrewdness and cunning, reveling in how they outsmarted the seller. However, it's worth noting that such duplicitous joy is misguided.

There's also a parallel drawn by Jarchi, who likens this behavior to the diligent scholar. Initially, the path to wisdom feels arduous and thankless, leaving them frustrated. But once they master their studies, pride and satisfaction follow. The parallels highlight the common human tendency to initially discount the journey or the goods, only to later revel in their acquired gains.

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Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

In an era where material wealth is often flaunted and admired, it's easy to forget that true worth lies elsewhere. Sure, you might have a trove of gold or a collection of shimmering rubies stashed away, and let's face it, many people do. These treasures can be found in mines and on display in lavish homes and private collections.

Yet, there's something far more valuable that doesn't come wrapped in vaults or safety deposit boxes—the gift of knowledge and the ability to articulate it. Whether it's knowledge of the natural world or the prowess to share that wisdom eloquently, this intangible asset outshines even the most glittering jewels. Precious beyond compare, such knowledge doesn't just compete with earthly riches but soars way above them.

Take, for instance, the wisdom encapsulated in ancient texts like the Book of Job, which hints at this truth. Spiritual knowledge and the ability to uplift others with it? That's the kind of treasure that outlasts gold and rubies, and is leagues ahead in genuine worth. Moreover, the epitome of this wisdom is knowing Christ, often regarded as the ultimate wisdom of God. Compared to this divine insight, material riches pale into insignificance, practically turning to dust.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

In the wisdom of Proverbs, a stern piece of advice stands out: if someone is foolish enough to guarantee a loan for a stranger, don't trust them without securing collateral, like their garment. This is because their involvement in suretyship—a risky financial commitment—could lead them to ruin. While biblical law didn't permit taking the garment of a poor man as collateral after sunset, it was acceptable when dealing with someone who had or claimed to have enough wealth to act as a guarantor.

Some interpret this proverb as a prophetic warning: a person who cosigns for a stranger may end up losing everything, down to the clothes on their back. Interestingly, this has even been linked to Jesus Christ, who, in taking on human form, essentially became a guarantor for humankind's sins.

Furthermore, the scripture advises caution when dealing with someone entangled with a promiscuous woman, or "strange woman." Those engaged in such relationships are on a path to financial and moral downfall, making them unreliable in business. It's a clear warning to protect oneself and secure any dealings with such individuals to avoid being pulled into their potential ruin.

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Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

In simpler terms, John Gills discusses the nature of deceitful actions and their ultimate consequences. Initially, deceit can seem enticing and harmless, much like sweet bread. Sin, or immoral behavior, often has an attractive facade, but it's fundamentally hollow and deceptive. It promises joy, success, respect, freedom, and peace, but in reality, it delivers pain, loss, shame, imprisonment, and ultimately, destruction.

To clarify, deceitful actions might range from acts of adultery, illicit gains, to the persecution of others for personal satisfaction. Even the deceptive practices of institutions, like the historical persecution by the Church of Rome, are highlighted. Similarly, false teachings and doctrines, likened to the teachings of the Pharisees and Sadducees, offer no real nourishment or stability. These teachings are superficial and lead followers astray, as opposed to the solid and truthful teachings of the Gospel.

In the end, the sweetness of deceit gives way to dire consequences—like having one’s mouth filled with gravel. This metaphor represents the deep regret, discomfort, and the harsh reality that follows deceit and sin. What starts as seemingly pleasurable ends in severe remorse and distress, underlining the dangerous path of dishonesty and false doctrines. It’s a reminder that genuine fulfillment can’t be built on lies and immoral actions.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

Every plan finds strength in good advice, be it from friends, God, or other wise sources. This aligns your intentions with a broader sense of good, ensuring that your actions benefit both yourself and others while glorifying a higher purpose.

When it comes to making serious decisions, like going to war, it’s crucial to have thorough discussions and consult various perspectives. Consider the justification for the conflict, as well as the resources required to sustain it, and always evaluate potential outcomes. Leaders, in particular, should lean on their councils and seek divine guidance before taking such grave steps.

This concept also applies to our metaphorical battles, like those against personal vices or broader societal issues. Consulting seasoned individuals and drawing wisdom from spiritual teachings can provide you with the right tools and strategies. Understanding the nature of your challenges and preparing accordingly can make all the difference.

Essentially, sound counsel serves as a foundation for any significant endeavor, reinforcing the pursuit of noble objectives with wisdom and careful planning.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

The proverb advises vigilance against the neighborhood gossip who can't keep a secret. Such a person, who often claims to know everyone's private affairs, flits from house to house, spreading potentially damaging tales. This behavior not only harms those whose secrets are shared but also those who hear these stories. It goes against the teachings of both Moses and Christian doctrine.

To protect yourself, steer clear of anyone who excessively flatters you. Slick talkers usually have ulterior motives, aiming to extract your secrets only to reveal them later for their gain. This advice extends to beware of false teachers who deceive with charming words. The message is clear: be wary of those who might exploit your trust to betray you.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

Cursing one’s parents is undeniably shocking and indicates a profound level of wickedness. Our parents are the ones who have nurtured and guided us, so to show them contempt or to mock them is disgraceful enough. But to curse them? That’s appalling and certainly invites serious consequences from a higher power.

Those who engage in such behavior can expect severe repercussions. The biblical text warns that their “lamp shall be put out in obscure darkness,” suggesting a loss of natural sight or perhaps a deeper spiritual blindness. Any favor they might have enjoyed from the divine will be gone. Their once bright prospects will be extinguished, plunging them into darkness akin to eternal damnation.

This isn't just about physical death but also implies a sort of eternal separation, a permanent state of grief and isolation, as spelled out in various scriptural references. The stark message is clear: to curse one’s parents is to bring upon oneself a darkness that reaches far beyond our earthly existence.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

In the realm of inheritance, rushing to acquire wealth often leads to issues. While some may start their business ventures earnestly and legally, an inheritance gained too quickly usually implies shady dealings, and such gains rarely last. Jewish scholars like Gersom suggest that easy inheritances, received without effort, are easily squandered. The proverb hints that ill-gotten wealth, driven by greed and dubious methods, is often cursed from the start.

The ultimate fate of such hastily-gained wealth is grim—it rarely endures and typically finds its way into other hands. This idea is echoed through the example of the tribes of Gad and Reuben in biblical times, who were quick to claim their land and eventually were the first to be exiled. As the wisdom goes, not all that glitters is gold, and the quick riches often come with their own set of problems.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

Instead of saying, "I’ll get even," when someone wrongs you, resist the urge for revenge. That's not your job; it’s God's. Take a step back and trust that justice, in the grand scheme of things, is His domain. Be patient, do what’s right, and have faith that in due time, He’ll deliver justice and mend your troubles.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

The use of dishonest weights and measures is something the Lord deeply despises. It's such a significant issue that it is repeatedly mentioned in scripture, probably because it was a rampant problem among the Jews at the time. While people might think they can profit from using a false balance, it ultimately backfires. According to biblical teaching, not only does it offend God, but it also invokes a curse on one's gains, turning short-term success into long-term loss.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

Our paths, according to biblical scholar John Gill, are fundamentally guided by the hand of God. Whether in our day-to-day movements or life's larger journeys, Gill asserts that the divine influence is ever-present. He underscores that our ability to move, live, and prosper stems from a divine providence that not only preserves us but also orchestrates our journey's success.

In practical terms, everything from our daily business to significant life decisions falls under God's providential care. According to Gill, the timing and outcome of our actions are divinely orchestrated. Even our spiritual journeys—seeking faith, finding righteousness, or walking in moral paths—are influenced by God's grace. Faith itself, seen as a journey to Christ for salvation, is not self-initiated but is considered a divine gift.

Gill goes on to say that understanding our path in life, especially its ultimate outcome, is beyond our human capacity. Whether considering the outcome of a simple journey or the broader aspects of our personal and civil lives, much remains unknown and unpredictable. This extends to spiritual matters where, according to Gill, individuals in their natural state are often oblivious to their spiritual destination. They may not grasp their duties or the divine will without divine intervention or revelation.

Overall, Gill presents a view where God's providence is the ultimate navigator of human life and destiny, making the understanding of our own way a profound and often elusive endeavor.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

In modern-day terms, it's detrimental for a person to misuse or take for themselves that which has been dedicated to sacred purposes—like donations or religious offerings. Doing so is considered a grave wrong and brings about significant consequences, as pointed out in the book of Malachi.

Likewise, it's imprudent to make vows or promises without careful consideration beforehand. One should contemplate the feasibility and appropriateness of the vow before committing to it. Once made, a vow binds you, and trying to backtrack or find loopholes later is both unwise and ethically questionable. The story of Ananias and Sapphira in the Acts of the Apostles illustrates the severe repercussions of not honoring such commitments. Essentially, it's better not to make a vow at all than to make one and fail to follow through, underscoring the importance of thoughtful commitment.

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Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

A wise ruler knows how to disperse those with ill intentions. Like separating chaff from wheat, he distances the corrupt from his circle, breaking their schemes and alliances. Essentially, he identifies, exposes, and shuns them.

In ancient times, farmers used a cart wheel to crush grain during threshing. Similarly, some interpret this action as a form of ancient punishment involving wheels or iron harrows. The broader metaphor suggests a leader's power to enact justice swiftly.

Some see this as an allusion to God’s retaliation against Pharaoh, dealing with foes measure for measure. This can also be seen as a representation of Christ, who separates the worthy from the unworthy, ensuring evil is thoroughly removed.

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Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

The human spirit is often seen as a divine spark, a guiding light from the Lord. This inner light, often linked to our rational soul, was originally bright and steady but has dimmed due to sin, offering only a faint glimpse of divine truths and God's intentions. Imagine it as a candlelight—helpful, but paling in comparison to the blazing sun of divine revelation and the Gospel of God's grace. The sun, metaphorically speaking, represents the full glory of Christ Jesus and the divine Spirit, far outshining our natural understanding.

This inner light, or conscience, still plays a crucial role. It's like a candle placed inside us by the Lord, coming from the Creator of all lights. It allows us to scrutinize our deepest thoughts and intentions, examining whether they align with righteousness. Our conscience, unless completely dulled, serves as an internal judge, evaluating and guiding our actions. This introspective process of evaluating our inner workings is what allows us to navigate moral decisions and align ourselves, albeit imperfectly, with divine will.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

The essence of leadership relies on two critical virtues: compassion and integrity. These qualities are paramount for any ruler who wishes to lead not with an iron fist, but with empathy and leniency. By alleviating burdens and pressures wherever possible and demonstrating a willingness to forgive when appropriate, a leader can win the hearts of their people. Additionally, steadfastness in keeping promises and adhering to the laws and constitution fosters trust and respect. This blend of mercy and truth not only secures the ruler's position but also ensures their protection from adversaries. The strength of their reign is rooted in this compassionate approach, which sustains both their throne and their kingdom.

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Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

In the prime of their youth, men are often celebrated for their strength. This vigor is a great asset, especially when directed towards serving their nation, their king, or a higher calling such as faith and religion. However, they should remain humble about their physical prowess.

Conversely, with age comes the wisdom marked by gray hair, which signifies prudence and experience. This proverb highlights the unique and valuable contributions of both the young and the elderly. Young men bring strength; old men offer guidance. Both groups are essential, whether in society or within a community of faith. Neither should look down on the other because each brings something irreplaceable to the table.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

Wounds can have a cleansing effect, both physically and emotionally. In the same way that a scrape or bruise can rid the body of impurities, life's harsher lessons can reform and renew us. Some people need to face tough challenges—being "beaten black and blue," figuratively speaking—to mend their ways.

For those who follow a spiritual path, these difficult experiences, or "sanctified afflictions," help purify their hearts and cleanse their souls from sin. Nothing, however, is said to be as effective in cleansing the soul as the sacrifice and suffering of Jesus.

This notion extends to the idea that physical punishment and corrections touch the deepest parts of our being, bringing a newfound awareness and repentance for one’s wrongdoings. Like a mirror, they reflect our transgressions and urge us to abandon them. When we face the consequences of our actions, we mourn our mistakes, confess them, and resolve to change.

Ultimately, these moments of discipline not only clear our conscience but also lead us closer to spiritual redemption, which, for Christians, is epitomized in the wounds and sacrifice of Christ. Through this, both our heart and conscience find purification.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible