Proverbs, Chapter 10 - Insights on Virtuous Living

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

At this juncture in Proverbs, the biblical text shifts gears. The opening chapters serve as an introduction, urging the reader to value wisdom and outlining its benefits. Now, we dive into the concise, thought-provoking sayings from Solomon, marked by their contrasting pairs and vivid imagery.

Take, for instance, the saying: "A wise son makes a glad father." This idea is exemplified by Solomon himself, who brought joy to his father, David, through his display of wisdom even before ascending the throne. David's satisfaction was evident as he had entrusted Solomon with significant responsibilities, such as building the Lord’s house.

Conversely, "a foolish son is the heaviness of his mother." This sentiment captures the heartache a son like Rehoboam might have caused his mother. Yet, it’s important to understand that the proverb addresses both parents, collectively. A son’s wisdom or folly impacts both his father and mother deeply, although fathers might outwardly witness the public outcomes of wisdom, while mothers might keenly feel the private pains of foolishness.

The scope here isn’t limited to mere intellectual capabilities but extends to moral and ethical behavior. A child’s virtues or vices, good or wickedness, resonate throughout the family, emphasizing the significance of proper upbringing and the vital role children play in bringing either joy or sorrow to their parents.

Some scholars even interpret this symbolically: God as the father, the church as the mother, and their followers as sons. Here, wise followers bring delight to both, akin to faithful disciples of Christ, while foolish ones, like followers of antichrist, do not. This underscores the universal message of nurturing wisdom and virtue as cherished values in family and faith alike.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

In essence, John Gill tells us that ill-gotten gains, no matter how vast, provide no real benefit to their owner. These riches, often accumulated through wrongful means like fraud or oppression, might even bring harm to their possessors. Wealth, misused or hoarded, cannot buy redemption or secure one’s life—not even for a fleeting moment. When judgment day arrives, no amount of wealth can shield one from divine wrath.

On the flip side, righteousness has the power to save lives. Whether it’s the modest earnings acquired through honest labor or the generous giving to those in need, acting rightly often preserves life. Liberality, referred to as "righteousness" in some biblical texts, can save those on the brink and even ensure that the giver is saved in times of peril. Those who are righteous sometimes experience longer, more fulfilled lives and receive grace-filled rewards.

Legally speaking, no human righteousness can cancel out the death sentence that the law imposes. Our flawed attempts at righteousness are insufficient for justification or eternal life. However, there's a different kind of righteousness—one that is spiritual and imparted through faith in Christ. This divine righteousness revitalizes individuals, freeing them from sin's grasp and allowing them to live a meaningful, spiritually connected life. It isn’t about escaping physical death entirely but rather removing its sting and curse, liberating believers from legal and eternal condemnation, and ensuring everlasting life.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

The Lord ensures that the righteous don't perish from famine. While it's true that good people, like Jacob and his sons during the famine in Egypt, or even the Apostle Paul, often faced hunger and thirst, they weren't completely destroyed by it. In times of famine, the Lord rescues them from death. Even when young lions go hungry, those who fear the Lord won't lack any good thing. Any suffering they face is not due to God's wrath and can't separate them from His love. Moreover, the righteous won't face spiritual famine—they won't be deprived of the word and teachings. Their souls will be nourished with the finest. Even the church in challenging times finds nourishment, as described in Revelation.

On the other hand, the Lord casts away the wealth of the wicked, especially when gained through unjust means. Sometimes it diminishes slowly, other times it disappears suddenly. Regardless of how greedily or abundantly it was amassed, the Lord ensures it vanishes, often forcing it away from the wicked, leaving them unprofited by their ill-gotten gains.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

Those who slack off or deceive others end up in poverty. This could mean not helping those in need when one can, or being lazy and shirking responsibilities. Alternatively, it could refer to those who try to cheat their way to wealth, like using dishonest measures. As some scholars point out, a deceitful balance doesn't lead to lasting success.

On the other hand, diligent and honest work can lead to prosperity, especially with a touch of good fortune. This diligence is often compared to a miner searching eagerly for gold. This mindset translates spiritually too - those who neglect their spiritual duties or community involvement can find themselves spiritually impoverished. But those who engage earnestly in their faith and community often find themselves richer in grace and good deeds.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

In the hustle and bustle of summer, the individual who diligently gathers provisions, much like the industrious ant, proves themselves wise. But when the crucial harvest season arrives, the one who dozes off instead of seizing the moment brings embarrassment not only to themselves but also to their family.

The essence of this age-old proverb implies that during times of health and youth, individuals need to be proactive and industrious, ensuring they're well-prepared for the inevitable challenges of sickness and old age. It's a reminder to never miss a chance—whether in worldly pursuits or personal growth—to do good and reap benefits.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

Blessings rain down on the righteous, who seek justness not through legalistic deeds but through faith. They live by faith in Christ's righteousness, finding their justification in it. Essentially, their faith shapes them, leading them to live justly, soberly, and devoutly. Upon their "head," or Christ, all blessings are bestowed. Christ is the head of every righteous person, not the pope or any earthly figure, but Jesus himself. Christ serves as both a spiritual and functional head, akin to a king to his subjects or a husband to his wife. All blessings of grace and goodness flow from Christ to his followers, similar to how oil on Aaron's head anointed his entire body.

Jewish scholars even suggest that the "head of the righteous" refers to a central figure, likely the Messiah. Blessings meant for the righteous come from above, visible, enduring, and secure. They signify divine favor and act as a safeguard against wrath, much like an adornment or crown. Various translations align in noting that "the blessing of the Lord is upon the head of the just."

In stark contrast, the wicked face the consequences of their violent actions, which are obvious and scandalous. Their misdeeds invite curses and just punishment from God, leaving them speechless in their defense. Some interpretations suggest that the wicked mask their violence with deceit, hiding their true intentions or renaming their actions. Ultimately, their concealed malice doesn't stay hidden, bringing bitterness in the end.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

The memory of good people is cherished and celebrated. During their lives, they contribute positively, whether through material aid or spiritual guidance, and are spoken of with respect and admiration. Even after their death, their names carry a legacy of honor and sweetness, as echoed in Psalms 112:6. Jewish tradition goes as far as to treat it as a commandment, insisting that failing to remember the righteous fondly is a moral lapse.

On the other hand, the names of those who lead wicked lives fade into oblivion. Efforts to immortalize their memory by naming buildings or cities after themselves are ultimately futile, with these mementos decaying and being forgotten over time, as reflected in Ecclesiastes 8:10. And if the names of such people do come up, it's with disgust and disdain, like something rotten and repulsive. This stands in sharp contrast to the legacy of the righteous, whose memories are like precious perfume, as Ecclesiastes 7:1 poignantly describes. Cicero once said, "The life of the dead lies in the memory of the living," underscoring the enduring impact of how we remember those who've passed.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

Thinkers with true wisdom, which often starts with a reverence for the divine, will openly accept guidance and follow directions. Whether as loyal citizens respecting lawful directives, devoted children listening to their parents, or diligent employees recognizing their bosses' orders, these individuals embody the wisdom to embrace and adhere to the teachings of their faith.

Conversely, those who mindlessly chatter, much like Diotrephes who talked against Apostle John, reveal their foolishness through their unchecked speech. Such a person is destined to stumble, facing various troubles and ultimately falling out of grace, both on Earth and in the afterlife. In essence, fools are ensnared by their own impulsive words.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

Walking with integrity offers a sense of security, argues biblical scholar John Gill. He emphasizes that leading a life marked by sincerity and uprightness—akin to worshipping God truthfully and engaging with others honestly—allows one to navigate life's journey confidently. Such individuals align their actions with the teachings of the Gospel, living out their faith in Christ, embodying humility, patience, and love, as well as maintaining a clear conscience.

Gill contrasts this with those who choose deceitful or crooked paths. These individuals may imagine their tricks and deceptions are well-hidden, but their true nature will inevitably be revealed—if not in this lifetime, then certainly at the final judgment. Their convoluted ways will not only be uncovered but also lead to their downfall, highlighting the stark difference between walking in integrity and engaging in deceit.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

In the Book of Proverbs, chapter 10 verse 10 takes a keen look at the subtle yet damaging behaviors of deceitful individuals. There are those who, with a mere wink, engage in fraudulent antics, drawing others into their web of deceit or mocking them outright. It's a small gesture with significant consequences, meant to signal the right moment to harm an unwitting neighbor.

The result? Immediate pleasure for the deceiver, but ultimately, sorrow both for them and their victims. The victims, lured into malevolent schemes, find themselves burdened by the afflictions piled upon them.

Meanwhile, the loud-mouthed fool faces their own downfall. Whether taken down, as some interpretations suggest, or beaten by their own foolishness, the end is clear: their folly leads to their fall.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

A righteous person's words are like a fountain of life, constantly flowing with wholesome, refreshing, and uplifting messages. The goodness in their heart spills over, offering encouragement and wisdom to those who listen, bringing both immediate and lasting benefits.

In stark contrast, the speech of the wicked is filled with violence and deceit. Their words are harmful and corrupt, providing nothing but negativity and hurt to those around them.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

Hatred fuels conflicts. When someone harbors ill will, they dredge up old battles that were once settled, reigniting disputes through gossip, lies, and slander.

On the flip side, love works as a peacemaker. It doesn't expose others' faults, but rather, mimics the forgiving nature of divine grace by overlooking and forgiving the mistakes of others. Instead of highlighting others' shortcomings, love tries to see the best in them and forgives all. This perspective on love, emphasizing its forgiving and concealing nature, aligns with teachings found in Corinthians and Peter's epistles. It's not about ignoring wrongdoing but approaching it with a heart ready to forgive and understand.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

In the wise words of someone with true understanding, you'll find traces of real wisdom. This isn't just basic knowledge, but a deeper, spiritual kind bestowed by God. Such a person talks about divine matters, God's works, the Christian faith, and personal spiritual experiences. Their words, full of insights, can benefit and uplift anyone who listens, spotlighting the speaker's wisdom.

On the flip side, those lacking understanding—whose hearts are empty of spiritual enlightenment—tend to speak foolishly and wickedly. Sooner or later, they're bound to face consequences for their misguided words. Interestingly, some ancient translations suggest that wise individuals might even reprove those who are foolish with their wisdom.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

In today’s fast-paced world, the wise are those who carefully gather knowledge through reading, prayer, meditation, listening to insightful conversations, and engaging with thoughtful individuals. They mentally store this valuable information, cherishing it as a precious resource to be shared when the moment is right. This discreet handling of knowledge contrasts sharply with the behavior of the foolish, who often speak impulsively and without forethought, leading to their own downfall. They may boast about what they know, only to reveal their ignorance and bring embarrassment upon themselves.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

For the affluent, their wealth acts like a fortified city, providing them a sense of security. They feel shielded from harm and capable of supporting themselves and their families through tough times, much like a city protected by strong walls during a war. Money is seen as a powerful defense, answering many needs, which gives them confidence and a sense of safety. However, this reliance on riches is often an illusion. Wealth is fickle and can vanish, leaving them vulnerable to troubles and unable to escape life's ultimate challenges, like death.

On the flip side, poverty leaves the poor feeling constantly threatened. Their lack of resources makes them fearful and unable to safeguard themselves against adversities like war, famine, or epidemics. This constant state of unease and defenselessness is a harsh reality of their financial plight.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

In essence, hard work by the righteous is aimed at a sustainable and meaningful life. For the righteous, the daily grind is more about securing the basics for themselves and their families, rather than chasing fame and riches. At a deeper level, their spiritual practices—praying, reading scripture, and attending religious services—fuel their inner spiritual life. These efforts, while not directly earning eternal life (that's a gift from God), reflect a pursuit of the everlasting life offered by faith in the Son of God.

On the flip side, the fruits of the wicked often lead to sin. Whether their wealth is earned through hard work, inheritance, or other means, it usually gets funneled into indulgent and prideful activities. Instead of contributing to a meaningful life, these actions drive them further into sin, ultimately leading to spiritual death—an eternal consequence.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

The concept of "the way of life" often extends beyond our earthly experience, hinting at what many believe to be an eternal life—a state of glory marked by ultimate holiness, perfect knowledge, love, obedience, peace, and everlasting joy. Unlike the temporary and often flawed experiences we're familiar with, this form of life is free from both physical and spiritual inconveniences and endures forever.

However, achieving this eternal life isn't as simple as accumulating good deeds or moral uprightness. The belief is that no amount of human action could ever satisfy divine law or justice. Instead, the path to eternal life is uniquely forged through Jesus Christ. His sacrifices and righteousness create a bridge for those who believe in him, making eternal life accessible through faith.

The markers of someone on this path include embracing and upholding the teachings of the Scriptures, especially the transformative ones found in the Gospel. This guidance offers insight into God's intentions for human salvation, the role of Christ, and the doctrines of peace, forgiveness, and eternal life. Those who genuinely accept and love this instruction, who follow its guidance towards Christ and nourish themselves with its truths, are assuredly on the way to eternal life.

Conversely, those who reject such counsel and admonition veer off this course. This isn't just about missing out on guidance but actively choosing a path that strays into sin and away from the promise of life, leading instead toward death. Ignoring reproof—whether it comes from sacred texts, spiritual leaders, or well-meaning peers—inevitably causes both oneself and possibly others to lose their way.

In essence, keeping the instructions of the Gospel aligns one with the path to eternal life, while refusing wise counsel leads to spiritual detriment.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

In simpler terms, John Gill is pointing out the dangers of hiding hatred behind deceitful words. Imagine someone who acts like a friend but secretly harbors resentment, waiting for the right moment to show their true colors. Historical examples like Absalom towards Ammon and Judas towards Christ illustrate this behavior.

Gill argues that such a person is essentially a liar. On the flip side, there's the person who openly slanders others, spreading lies and tarnishing reputations without hesitation. This behavior, Gill claims, is not just foolish but inherently wicked.

Ultimately, both the secret hater who disguises their feelings and the outright slanderer are considered fools. One might debate which is worse, but Gill suggests both are deeply problematic and harmful.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

In modern conversations, verbosity often accompanies falsehoods and idle chatter, exposing talkative individuals to the risk of sinning through misinformation or thoughtlessness. However, the value of lengthy discourse shouldn't be entirely dismissed; when articulated with care and backed by thoughtful reflection and study, it can be incredibly beneficial.

The wisdom of the Jewish Rabbis encapsulates this effectively: "He who multiplies words invites sin." On the flip side, those who exercise restraint and think before they speak are deemed wise. They carefully measure their words, considering the truth and relevance of their statements while being mindful of timing, location, and audience. Such a prudent communicator embodies true wisdom and understanding.

In essence, quality over quantity holds when it comes to speech—speak less, but with purpose and insight.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

In the book of Proverbs, it's said that the words of a righteous person are like choice silver— valuable, pure, and enriching. This metaphor suggests that a righteous individual speaks words that are not only insightful and uplifting but also grounded in wisdom and devoid of falsehood. These words resonate with experiences of grace and faith, offering comfort and guidance to those who hear them.

On the flip side, the heart of a wicked person is viewed as practically worthless. According to this perspective, it harbors all manner of evil, producing nothing good. The thoughts and desires of such a heart are continuously negative, driven by sinful urges and clouded by a lack of understanding. It's a stark contrast to the righteous person's speech, highlighting the need for spiritual transformation and the power of divine grace for true change.

In essence, the comparison drives home the immense value of speaking with integrity and wisdom, and the spiritual emptiness that comes from a life led by wicked intentions.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

In life, the words of the righteous can nourish many—not in a physical sense as words don't fill stomachs—but by offering valuable spiritual insights and guidance. Proverbs are rich with metaphors, and in this context, the righteous are likened to providers of divine wisdom, imparting the teachings of the Gospel and offering comforting advice that sustains the soul.

On the flip side, fools suffer greatly due to their lack of wisdom. This isn't about physical death, which happens to everyone, but a form of spiritual death that stems from ignorance and the rejection of spiritual knowledge. Even if they have access to wisdom—the Scriptures and teachings of the Gospel—they often don't value or seek them out, thereby missing the opportunity for enlightenment and eternal life. Sometimes, it’s also due to a lack of proper guidance from those who ought to teach them, leaving them in the dark.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

The timeless wisdom from Proverbs tells us: "The blessing of the Lord, it maketh rich." In our modern hustle, it's easy to attribute our successes to hard work and savvy decisions. But according to biblical scholar John Gill, true wealth—whether material or spiritual—comes from divine blessing, not just human effort. This perspective invites us to see our fortunes as gifts shaped by higher forces.

Gill argues that money earned through honest, diligent work and infused with the Lord's blessing brings more joy and less stress. Unlike ill-gotten gains, which often come with anxiety, guilt, and fear of loss, wealth nurtured by divine favor tends to be free from sorrow.

Moreover, Gill extends this idea to spiritual riches—blessings in faith, grace, and good deeds. These spiritual treasures, he suggests, are accompanied by peace, joy, and comfort, not the relentless worry that worldly gains might bring. So, as we strive for success, perhaps it’s worth considering that a higher blessing can make our riches not just valuable, but also truly enriching.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

In today's world, there are still those who, like in times past, find joy in causing harm or committing wrongs. For some, it's almost like a game, a source of amusement. When they engage in mischievous or sinful behavior—whether it’s harming others or going against moral principles—they laugh it off. Instead of feeling remorse or guilt, they make light of their actions and even find humor in the censure from those who admonish them. To such individuals, sinning can be as fun as participating in any recreational activity.

Conversely, a person with wisdom sees things differently. Wisdom acts like a restraining force, helping them avoid wrongdoing. For the wise, avoiding sin and doing good isn't burdensome; it's a source of joy. They are as eager to do what is right as others might be to engage in their favorite hobbies. Following moral and ethical guidelines gives them a deep-seated pleasure and satisfaction that's far more enriching than any fleeting thrill from mischievous acts.

In essence, while some take pleasure in harmful and unethical behaviors, the truly wise person finds genuine happiness in doing good and adhering to a righteous path.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

The fear of the wicked ultimately catches up with them. Despite their attempts to shake off the fear of calamity or judgment, even the most brazen unbelievers can't escape their dread. This idea circles back to biblical tales, like that of the builders of Babel who feared being scattered and saw that exact fate come true because of their actions. Their efforts to avoid their fears ironically brought those fears to fruition—in the same way the Jews feared Roman intervention if they accepted Jesus, only to face such intervention for rejecting him.

On the flip side, the righteous will see their desires fulfilled. God grants their wishes, aligning with their sincere and faithful requests. These are wishes born from purity and in line with divine will. The righteous seek things like the righteousness of Christ, a holy life, increased grace, and communion with God. In their desires being granted, they experience a deeper connection with divinity and ultimately achieve eternal happiness. Some interpreters even suggest that the righteous wish for justice to be served upon the wicked, aligning with the notion of divine retribution depicted in other Proverbs.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

In a recent interpretation of biblical texts, John Gill draws a vivid comparison between the wicked and a whirlwind. The wicked, characterized as destructive and chaotic, create chaos much like a violent storm, only to vanish suddenly. They rise to power quickly, wreak havoc, but then disappear just as swiftly. Their passage is often met with relief, symptoms of their ultimate downfall and the divine wrath they face. They might not be annihilated in physical death, but their presence and influence in the living world cease, relegating them to a state of torment.

In stark contrast, the righteous are depicted as a solid, enduring foundation. They are grounded in eternal love, secured in a covenant that withstands all and backed by the everlasting redemption through Christ. This foundation isn't built on transient things like birthrights or superficial religious practices but on Christ himself, who is unchanging and everlasting. Unlike the wicked, the righteous remain unshaken by life's storms, firmly rooted in their faith. They are the stabilizing force of the world, preventing its dissolution by their very presence.

Gill’s commentary highlights the transient nature of wickedness and the enduring stability of righteousness, framing the latter as not only foundational for individual believers but for the world itself.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

In modern terms, John Gill's commentary might sound something like this:

Imagine how uncomfortable it is when you bite into something sour like vinegar—it messes with your teeth, right? The ancient Septuagint and other texts actually describe it as “sour grapes” that set your teeth on edge.

Now picture how annoying it is when smoke gets in your eyes. It blurs your vision and makes your eyes water. Quite the nuisance, isn’t it?

Well, that’s exactly how frustrating a lazy messenger can be. They drag their feet, delay their tasks, and it just drives their bosses up the wall. This analogy also extends to lazy workers in general. If you’ve been given specific talents or skills and you don't use them effectively, it’s bound to disappoint those relying on you. And, in a broader sense, this slothfulness really tests the patience of those in charge. Even in religious or sacred duties, it’s crucial to be diligent and enthusiastic.

In short, don’t let your talents go to waste—use them promptly and with passion.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

Reverence for the Almighty can extend one's years on earth, though not beyond predetermined limits set by divine decree. Essentially, a life rooted in spiritual mindfulness is often rewarded with longevity, sometimes surpassing personal expectations or natural predictions, despite frail health. Such godliness not only promises a longer life but also speaks to a greater promise of eternal life, as echoed in scriptures like Psalm 34:11.

On the flip side, the lives of the irreverent are often cut short. Their ailments—often consequences of their own misdeeds—can drastically reduce their lifespan. These individuals might find themselves facing early death either through legal consequences or sudden divine retribution, as vividly illustrated in the biblical accounts of Ananias and Sapphira. Thus, they fall far short of the natural lifespan they might have otherwise enjoyed, as reflected in passages like Psalm 55:23.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

The hope of morally upright people leads to happiness. This isn't just about future anticipation—it brings joy even now. They take pleasure in hoping for a better future, and this hope includes the glory of God. Their optimistic outlook isn't just wishful thinking; it’s something that can be steadfastly held onto, as mentioned in Romans 5:2. In the end, this hope will be rewarded with an entrance into eternal joy in God's presence where happiness is infinite. They are not embarrassed by their hope now, and they certainly won’t be let down in the future.

On the other hand, what wicked people expect will ultimately vanish. Their hopes—whether for wealth, status, pleasure, a long life, or avoiding divine judgement—are built on shaky grounds and will eventually crumble. Job 8:13 underscores this idea: their lofty dreams will not survive.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

For those who live with integrity, the path of the Lord provides strength and assurance. These upright individuals, credited with the righteousness of Christ and renewed spirits, find their strength in both the Lord's actions and His guidance. God's providence acts as a fortress, offering protection and empowerment. His expressions of love, grace, promises, and spiritual support all contribute to their spiritual resilience. By following God's directives in scripture and practice, they grow stronger and more courageous, undaunted by threats or challenges, proceeding with joy and confidence.

In contrast, destruction awaits those who choose a life of iniquity. It's not an occasional misstep but a lifestyle of sin that guarantees ruin. This path leads to misery and eventual annihilation of both body and soul. For the wicked, death brings terror, and the final judgment will only intensify their horror as they face their doom. Thus, while the upright find the way of the Lord empowering and comforting, those immersed in sin confront it with dread and fear, for God's righteousness is formidable and unyielding in its judgment.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

The essence of righteousness, as observed by biblical scholar John Gills, suggests that the righteous will face shifts in life—be it due to adversities, spiritual fluctuations, or physical relocations. Just like Job, they might experience a fall from prosperity to hardship. This world offers no permanent residence for them. Yet, they’re steadfast in one pivotal aspect: their connection to divine love and security in Christ.

Despite the inevitable trials, the love of God remains unwavering and unshakeable. There may be moments of doubt, periods of hidden divine presence, and physical distance from places of worship, but these do not sever their bond with God. They’re metaphorically etched into God’s heart and palms, an ever-present reminder of His unremitting care. Even the mightiest efforts of men or devils cannot breach the safe haven they’ve found in Christ. This foundation ensures that their place in God’s family remains solid. Correction and chastisement do not alter their status as children of God, nor does self-doubt undermine their righteous standing.

Conversely, the wicked have a fleeting presence on Earth. Their time is so brief; it barely counts as inhabitation. The new earth, envisioned in prophetic scripture, will be the exclusive domain of the righteous. The wicked will not find a lasting home there, highlighting a stark contrast in eternal destinies.

In summary, while the righteous endure life’s unpredictable changes, their ultimate security and divine affiliation are unmovable. The wicked, however, enjoy only a transient stay, ultimately ceding the eternal abode to those deemed righteous.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

A just person's words are like a tree's bountiful fruit or the earth yielding its crops—natural and enriching. This wisdom isn't about worldly savvy or malicious cunning; it's spiritual insight that's both deeply satisfying and incredibly beneficial, echoing themes from sources like Psalm 37:30.

In stark contrast, the deceitful tongue is likened to a barren, useless tree that deserves to be cut down. This "tongue of perversity" spouts blasphemies and lies, standing in opposition to all that is good and true. It's a symbol of the kind of harmful speech that's better off silenced, much like cutting down a blasphemer's tongue.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

The righteous have a knack for saying the right thing at the right time. They know what pleases both God and people, and their words are a refreshing dose of grace to everyone they speak to. This isn't just theoretical knowledge—they actively practice what they preach in their everyday conversations. On the flip side, the wicked are quite the opposite. Their mouths are filled with negativity and deceit, constantly spewing out what they know to be false and wrong. There’s a clear disconnect between what they truly feel and what they say; flattery and lies are their tools of the trade.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

At this juncture in Proverbs, the biblical text shifts gears. The opening chapters serve as an introduction, urging the reader to value wisdom and outlining its benefits. Now, we dive into the concise, thought-provoking sayings from Solomon, marked by their contrasting pairs and vivid imagery.

Take, for instance, the saying: "A wise son makes a glad father." This idea is exemplified by Solomon himself, who brought joy to his father, David, through his display of wisdom even before ascending the throne. David's satisfaction was evident as he had entrusted Solomon with significant responsibilities, such as building the Lord’s house.

Conversely, "a foolish son is the heaviness of his mother." This sentiment captures the heartache a son like Rehoboam might have caused his mother. Yet, it’s important to understand that the proverb addresses both parents, collectively. A son’s wisdom or folly impacts both his father and mother deeply, although fathers might outwardly witness the public outcomes of wisdom, while mothers might keenly feel the private pains of foolishness.

The scope here isn’t limited to mere intellectual capabilities but extends to moral and ethical behavior. A child’s virtues or vices, good or wickedness, resonate throughout the family, emphasizing the significance of proper upbringing and the vital role children play in bringing either joy or sorrow to their parents.

Some scholars even interpret this symbolically: God as the father, the church as the mother, and their followers as sons. Here, wise followers bring delight to both, akin to faithful disciples of Christ, while foolish ones, like followers of antichrist, do not. This underscores the universal message of nurturing wisdom and virtue as cherished values in family and faith alike.

Read more: John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

In essence, John Gill tells us that ill-gotten gains, no matter how vast, provide no real benefit to their owner. These riches, often accumulated through wrongful means like fraud or oppression, might even bring harm to their possessors. Wealth, misused or hoarded, cannot buy redemption or secure one’s life—not even for a fleeting moment. When judgment day arrives, no amount of wealth can shield one from divine wrath.

On the flip side, righteousness has the power to save lives. Whether it’s the modest earnings acquired through honest labor or the generous giving to those in need, acting rightly often preserves life. Liberality, referred to as "righteousness" in some biblical texts, can save those on the brink and even ensure that the giver is saved in times of peril. Those who are righteous sometimes experience longer, more fulfilled lives and receive grace-filled rewards.

Legally speaking, no human righteousness can cancel out the death sentence that the law imposes. Our flawed attempts at righteousness are insufficient for justification or eternal life. However, there's a different kind of righteousness—one that is spiritual and imparted through faith in Christ. This divine righteousness revitalizes individuals, freeing them from sin's grasp and allowing them to live a meaningful, spiritually connected life. It isn’t about escaping physical death entirely but rather removing its sting and curse, liberating believers from legal and eternal condemnation, and ensuring everlasting life.

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Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

The Lord ensures that the righteous don't perish from famine. While it's true that good people, like Jacob and his sons during the famine in Egypt, or even the Apostle Paul, often faced hunger and thirst, they weren't completely destroyed by it. In times of famine, the Lord rescues them from death. Even when young lions go hungry, those who fear the Lord won't lack any good thing. Any suffering they face is not due to God's wrath and can't separate them from His love. Moreover, the righteous won't face spiritual famine—they won't be deprived of the word and teachings. Their souls will be nourished with the finest. Even the church in challenging times finds nourishment, as described in Revelation.

On the other hand, the Lord casts away the wealth of the wicked, especially when gained through unjust means. Sometimes it diminishes slowly, other times it disappears suddenly. Regardless of how greedily or abundantly it was amassed, the Lord ensures it vanishes, often forcing it away from the wicked, leaving them unprofited by their ill-gotten gains.

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By John Gills

Those who slack off or deceive others end up in poverty. This could mean not helping those in need when one can, or being lazy and shirking responsibilities. Alternatively, it could refer to those who try to cheat their way to wealth, like using dishonest measures. As some scholars point out, a deceitful balance doesn't lead to lasting success.

On the other hand, diligent and honest work can lead to prosperity, especially with a touch of good fortune. This diligence is often compared to a miner searching eagerly for gold. This mindset translates spiritually too - those who neglect their spiritual duties or community involvement can find themselves spiritually impoverished. But those who engage earnestly in their faith and community often find themselves richer in grace and good deeds.

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By John Gills

In the hustle and bustle of summer, the individual who diligently gathers provisions, much like the industrious ant, proves themselves wise. But when the crucial harvest season arrives, the one who dozes off instead of seizing the moment brings embarrassment not only to themselves but also to their family.

The essence of this age-old proverb implies that during times of health and youth, individuals need to be proactive and industrious, ensuring they're well-prepared for the inevitable challenges of sickness and old age. It's a reminder to never miss a chance—whether in worldly pursuits or personal growth—to do good and reap benefits.

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By John Gills

Blessings rain down on the righteous, who seek justness not through legalistic deeds but through faith. They live by faith in Christ's righteousness, finding their justification in it. Essentially, their faith shapes them, leading them to live justly, soberly, and devoutly. Upon their "head," or Christ, all blessings are bestowed. Christ is the head of every righteous person, not the pope or any earthly figure, but Jesus himself. Christ serves as both a spiritual and functional head, akin to a king to his subjects or a husband to his wife. All blessings of grace and goodness flow from Christ to his followers, similar to how oil on Aaron's head anointed his entire body.

Jewish scholars even suggest that the "head of the righteous" refers to a central figure, likely the Messiah. Blessings meant for the righteous come from above, visible, enduring, and secure. They signify divine favor and act as a safeguard against wrath, much like an adornment or crown. Various translations align in noting that "the blessing of the Lord is upon the head of the just."

In stark contrast, the wicked face the consequences of their violent actions, which are obvious and scandalous. Their misdeeds invite curses and just punishment from God, leaving them speechless in their defense. Some interpretations suggest that the wicked mask their violence with deceit, hiding their true intentions or renaming their actions. Ultimately, their concealed malice doesn't stay hidden, bringing bitterness in the end.

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By John Gills

The memory of good people is cherished and celebrated. During their lives, they contribute positively, whether through material aid or spiritual guidance, and are spoken of with respect and admiration. Even after their death, their names carry a legacy of honor and sweetness, as echoed in Psalms 112:6. Jewish tradition goes as far as to treat it as a commandment, insisting that failing to remember the righteous fondly is a moral lapse.

On the other hand, the names of those who lead wicked lives fade into oblivion. Efforts to immortalize their memory by naming buildings or cities after themselves are ultimately futile, with these mementos decaying and being forgotten over time, as reflected in Ecclesiastes 8:10. And if the names of such people do come up, it's with disgust and disdain, like something rotten and repulsive. This stands in sharp contrast to the legacy of the righteous, whose memories are like precious perfume, as Ecclesiastes 7:1 poignantly describes. Cicero once said, "The life of the dead lies in the memory of the living," underscoring the enduring impact of how we remember those who've passed.

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By John Gills

Thinkers with true wisdom, which often starts with a reverence for the divine, will openly accept guidance and follow directions. Whether as loyal citizens respecting lawful directives, devoted children listening to their parents, or diligent employees recognizing their bosses' orders, these individuals embody the wisdom to embrace and adhere to the teachings of their faith.

Conversely, those who mindlessly chatter, much like Diotrephes who talked against Apostle John, reveal their foolishness through their unchecked speech. Such a person is destined to stumble, facing various troubles and ultimately falling out of grace, both on Earth and in the afterlife. In essence, fools are ensnared by their own impulsive words.

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By John Gills

Walking with integrity offers a sense of security, argues biblical scholar John Gill. He emphasizes that leading a life marked by sincerity and uprightness—akin to worshipping God truthfully and engaging with others honestly—allows one to navigate life's journey confidently. Such individuals align their actions with the teachings of the Gospel, living out their faith in Christ, embodying humility, patience, and love, as well as maintaining a clear conscience.

Gill contrasts this with those who choose deceitful or crooked paths. These individuals may imagine their tricks and deceptions are well-hidden, but their true nature will inevitably be revealed—if not in this lifetime, then certainly at the final judgment. Their convoluted ways will not only be uncovered but also lead to their downfall, highlighting the stark difference between walking in integrity and engaging in deceit.

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By John Gills

In the Book of Proverbs, chapter 10 verse 10 takes a keen look at the subtle yet damaging behaviors of deceitful individuals. There are those who, with a mere wink, engage in fraudulent antics, drawing others into their web of deceit or mocking them outright. It's a small gesture with significant consequences, meant to signal the right moment to harm an unwitting neighbor.

The result? Immediate pleasure for the deceiver, but ultimately, sorrow both for them and their victims. The victims, lured into malevolent schemes, find themselves burdened by the afflictions piled upon them.

Meanwhile, the loud-mouthed fool faces their own downfall. Whether taken down, as some interpretations suggest, or beaten by their own foolishness, the end is clear: their folly leads to their fall.

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By John Gills

A righteous person's words are like a fountain of life, constantly flowing with wholesome, refreshing, and uplifting messages. The goodness in their heart spills over, offering encouragement and wisdom to those who listen, bringing both immediate and lasting benefits.

In stark contrast, the speech of the wicked is filled with violence and deceit. Their words are harmful and corrupt, providing nothing but negativity and hurt to those around them.

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By John Gills

Hatred fuels conflicts. When someone harbors ill will, they dredge up old battles that were once settled, reigniting disputes through gossip, lies, and slander.

On the flip side, love works as a peacemaker. It doesn't expose others' faults, but rather, mimics the forgiving nature of divine grace by overlooking and forgiving the mistakes of others. Instead of highlighting others' shortcomings, love tries to see the best in them and forgives all. This perspective on love, emphasizing its forgiving and concealing nature, aligns with teachings found in Corinthians and Peter's epistles. It's not about ignoring wrongdoing but approaching it with a heart ready to forgive and understand.

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Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

In the wise words of someone with true understanding, you'll find traces of real wisdom. This isn't just basic knowledge, but a deeper, spiritual kind bestowed by God. Such a person talks about divine matters, God's works, the Christian faith, and personal spiritual experiences. Their words, full of insights, can benefit and uplift anyone who listens, spotlighting the speaker's wisdom.

On the flip side, those lacking understanding—whose hearts are empty of spiritual enlightenment—tend to speak foolishly and wickedly. Sooner or later, they're bound to face consequences for their misguided words. Interestingly, some ancient translations suggest that wise individuals might even reprove those who are foolish with their wisdom.

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By John Gills

In today’s fast-paced world, the wise are those who carefully gather knowledge through reading, prayer, meditation, listening to insightful conversations, and engaging with thoughtful individuals. They mentally store this valuable information, cherishing it as a precious resource to be shared when the moment is right. This discreet handling of knowledge contrasts sharply with the behavior of the foolish, who often speak impulsively and without forethought, leading to their own downfall. They may boast about what they know, only to reveal their ignorance and bring embarrassment upon themselves.

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By John Gills

For the affluent, their wealth acts like a fortified city, providing them a sense of security. They feel shielded from harm and capable of supporting themselves and their families through tough times, much like a city protected by strong walls during a war. Money is seen as a powerful defense, answering many needs, which gives them confidence and a sense of safety. However, this reliance on riches is often an illusion. Wealth is fickle and can vanish, leaving them vulnerable to troubles and unable to escape life's ultimate challenges, like death.

On the flip side, poverty leaves the poor feeling constantly threatened. Their lack of resources makes them fearful and unable to safeguard themselves against adversities like war, famine, or epidemics. This constant state of unease and defenselessness is a harsh reality of their financial plight.

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By John Gills

In essence, hard work by the righteous is aimed at a sustainable and meaningful life. For the righteous, the daily grind is more about securing the basics for themselves and their families, rather than chasing fame and riches. At a deeper level, their spiritual practices—praying, reading scripture, and attending religious services—fuel their inner spiritual life. These efforts, while not directly earning eternal life (that's a gift from God), reflect a pursuit of the everlasting life offered by faith in the Son of God.

On the flip side, the fruits of the wicked often lead to sin. Whether their wealth is earned through hard work, inheritance, or other means, it usually gets funneled into indulgent and prideful activities. Instead of contributing to a meaningful life, these actions drive them further into sin, ultimately leading to spiritual death—an eternal consequence.

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By John Gills

The concept of "the way of life" often extends beyond our earthly experience, hinting at what many believe to be an eternal life—a state of glory marked by ultimate holiness, perfect knowledge, love, obedience, peace, and everlasting joy. Unlike the temporary and often flawed experiences we're familiar with, this form of life is free from both physical and spiritual inconveniences and endures forever.

However, achieving this eternal life isn't as simple as accumulating good deeds or moral uprightness. The belief is that no amount of human action could ever satisfy divine law or justice. Instead, the path to eternal life is uniquely forged through Jesus Christ. His sacrifices and righteousness create a bridge for those who believe in him, making eternal life accessible through faith.

The markers of someone on this path include embracing and upholding the teachings of the Scriptures, especially the transformative ones found in the Gospel. This guidance offers insight into God's intentions for human salvation, the role of Christ, and the doctrines of peace, forgiveness, and eternal life. Those who genuinely accept and love this instruction, who follow its guidance towards Christ and nourish themselves with its truths, are assuredly on the way to eternal life.

Conversely, those who reject such counsel and admonition veer off this course. This isn't just about missing out on guidance but actively choosing a path that strays into sin and away from the promise of life, leading instead toward death. Ignoring reproof—whether it comes from sacred texts, spiritual leaders, or well-meaning peers—inevitably causes both oneself and possibly others to lose their way.

In essence, keeping the instructions of the Gospel aligns one with the path to eternal life, while refusing wise counsel leads to spiritual detriment.

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By John Gills

In simpler terms, John Gill is pointing out the dangers of hiding hatred behind deceitful words. Imagine someone who acts like a friend but secretly harbors resentment, waiting for the right moment to show their true colors. Historical examples like Absalom towards Ammon and Judas towards Christ illustrate this behavior.

Gill argues that such a person is essentially a liar. On the flip side, there's the person who openly slanders others, spreading lies and tarnishing reputations without hesitation. This behavior, Gill claims, is not just foolish but inherently wicked.

Ultimately, both the secret hater who disguises their feelings and the outright slanderer are considered fools. One might debate which is worse, but Gill suggests both are deeply problematic and harmful.

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By John Gills

In modern conversations, verbosity often accompanies falsehoods and idle chatter, exposing talkative individuals to the risk of sinning through misinformation or thoughtlessness. However, the value of lengthy discourse shouldn't be entirely dismissed; when articulated with care and backed by thoughtful reflection and study, it can be incredibly beneficial.

The wisdom of the Jewish Rabbis encapsulates this effectively: "He who multiplies words invites sin." On the flip side, those who exercise restraint and think before they speak are deemed wise. They carefully measure their words, considering the truth and relevance of their statements while being mindful of timing, location, and audience. Such a prudent communicator embodies true wisdom and understanding.

In essence, quality over quantity holds when it comes to speech—speak less, but with purpose and insight.

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By John Gills

In the book of Proverbs, it's said that the words of a righteous person are like choice silver— valuable, pure, and enriching. This metaphor suggests that a righteous individual speaks words that are not only insightful and uplifting but also grounded in wisdom and devoid of falsehood. These words resonate with experiences of grace and faith, offering comfort and guidance to those who hear them.

On the flip side, the heart of a wicked person is viewed as practically worthless. According to this perspective, it harbors all manner of evil, producing nothing good. The thoughts and desires of such a heart are continuously negative, driven by sinful urges and clouded by a lack of understanding. It's a stark contrast to the righteous person's speech, highlighting the need for spiritual transformation and the power of divine grace for true change.

In essence, the comparison drives home the immense value of speaking with integrity and wisdom, and the spiritual emptiness that comes from a life led by wicked intentions.

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By John Gills

In life, the words of the righteous can nourish many—not in a physical sense as words don't fill stomachs—but by offering valuable spiritual insights and guidance. Proverbs are rich with metaphors, and in this context, the righteous are likened to providers of divine wisdom, imparting the teachings of the Gospel and offering comforting advice that sustains the soul.

On the flip side, fools suffer greatly due to their lack of wisdom. This isn't about physical death, which happens to everyone, but a form of spiritual death that stems from ignorance and the rejection of spiritual knowledge. Even if they have access to wisdom—the Scriptures and teachings of the Gospel—they often don't value or seek them out, thereby missing the opportunity for enlightenment and eternal life. Sometimes, it’s also due to a lack of proper guidance from those who ought to teach them, leaving them in the dark.

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By John Gills

The timeless wisdom from Proverbs tells us: "The blessing of the Lord, it maketh rich." In our modern hustle, it's easy to attribute our successes to hard work and savvy decisions. But according to biblical scholar John Gill, true wealth—whether material or spiritual—comes from divine blessing, not just human effort. This perspective invites us to see our fortunes as gifts shaped by higher forces.

Gill argues that money earned through honest, diligent work and infused with the Lord's blessing brings more joy and less stress. Unlike ill-gotten gains, which often come with anxiety, guilt, and fear of loss, wealth nurtured by divine favor tends to be free from sorrow.

Moreover, Gill extends this idea to spiritual riches—blessings in faith, grace, and good deeds. These spiritual treasures, he suggests, are accompanied by peace, joy, and comfort, not the relentless worry that worldly gains might bring. So, as we strive for success, perhaps it’s worth considering that a higher blessing can make our riches not just valuable, but also truly enriching.

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By John Gills

In today's world, there are still those who, like in times past, find joy in causing harm or committing wrongs. For some, it's almost like a game, a source of amusement. When they engage in mischievous or sinful behavior—whether it’s harming others or going against moral principles—they laugh it off. Instead of feeling remorse or guilt, they make light of their actions and even find humor in the censure from those who admonish them. To such individuals, sinning can be as fun as participating in any recreational activity.

Conversely, a person with wisdom sees things differently. Wisdom acts like a restraining force, helping them avoid wrongdoing. For the wise, avoiding sin and doing good isn't burdensome; it's a source of joy. They are as eager to do what is right as others might be to engage in their favorite hobbies. Following moral and ethical guidelines gives them a deep-seated pleasure and satisfaction that's far more enriching than any fleeting thrill from mischievous acts.

In essence, while some take pleasure in harmful and unethical behaviors, the truly wise person finds genuine happiness in doing good and adhering to a righteous path.

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By John Gills

The fear of the wicked ultimately catches up with them. Despite their attempts to shake off the fear of calamity or judgment, even the most brazen unbelievers can't escape their dread. This idea circles back to biblical tales, like that of the builders of Babel who feared being scattered and saw that exact fate come true because of their actions. Their efforts to avoid their fears ironically brought those fears to fruition—in the same way the Jews feared Roman intervention if they accepted Jesus, only to face such intervention for rejecting him.

On the flip side, the righteous will see their desires fulfilled. God grants their wishes, aligning with their sincere and faithful requests. These are wishes born from purity and in line with divine will. The righteous seek things like the righteousness of Christ, a holy life, increased grace, and communion with God. In their desires being granted, they experience a deeper connection with divinity and ultimately achieve eternal happiness. Some interpreters even suggest that the righteous wish for justice to be served upon the wicked, aligning with the notion of divine retribution depicted in other Proverbs.

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By John Gills

In a recent interpretation of biblical texts, John Gill draws a vivid comparison between the wicked and a whirlwind. The wicked, characterized as destructive and chaotic, create chaos much like a violent storm, only to vanish suddenly. They rise to power quickly, wreak havoc, but then disappear just as swiftly. Their passage is often met with relief, symptoms of their ultimate downfall and the divine wrath they face. They might not be annihilated in physical death, but their presence and influence in the living world cease, relegating them to a state of torment.

In stark contrast, the righteous are depicted as a solid, enduring foundation. They are grounded in eternal love, secured in a covenant that withstands all and backed by the everlasting redemption through Christ. This foundation isn't built on transient things like birthrights or superficial religious practices but on Christ himself, who is unchanging and everlasting. Unlike the wicked, the righteous remain unshaken by life's storms, firmly rooted in their faith. They are the stabilizing force of the world, preventing its dissolution by their very presence.

Gill’s commentary highlights the transient nature of wickedness and the enduring stability of righteousness, framing the latter as not only foundational for individual believers but for the world itself.

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By John Gills

In modern terms, John Gill's commentary might sound something like this:

Imagine how uncomfortable it is when you bite into something sour like vinegar—it messes with your teeth, right? The ancient Septuagint and other texts actually describe it as “sour grapes” that set your teeth on edge.

Now picture how annoying it is when smoke gets in your eyes. It blurs your vision and makes your eyes water. Quite the nuisance, isn’t it?

Well, that’s exactly how frustrating a lazy messenger can be. They drag their feet, delay their tasks, and it just drives their bosses up the wall. This analogy also extends to lazy workers in general. If you’ve been given specific talents or skills and you don't use them effectively, it’s bound to disappoint those relying on you. And, in a broader sense, this slothfulness really tests the patience of those in charge. Even in religious or sacred duties, it’s crucial to be diligent and enthusiastic.

In short, don’t let your talents go to waste—use them promptly and with passion.

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By John Gills

Reverence for the Almighty can extend one's years on earth, though not beyond predetermined limits set by divine decree. Essentially, a life rooted in spiritual mindfulness is often rewarded with longevity, sometimes surpassing personal expectations or natural predictions, despite frail health. Such godliness not only promises a longer life but also speaks to a greater promise of eternal life, as echoed in scriptures like Psalm 34:11.

On the flip side, the lives of the irreverent are often cut short. Their ailments—often consequences of their own misdeeds—can drastically reduce their lifespan. These individuals might find themselves facing early death either through legal consequences or sudden divine retribution, as vividly illustrated in the biblical accounts of Ananias and Sapphira. Thus, they fall far short of the natural lifespan they might have otherwise enjoyed, as reflected in passages like Psalm 55:23.

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By John Gills

The hope of morally upright people leads to happiness. This isn't just about future anticipation—it brings joy even now. They take pleasure in hoping for a better future, and this hope includes the glory of God. Their optimistic outlook isn't just wishful thinking; it’s something that can be steadfastly held onto, as mentioned in Romans 5:2. In the end, this hope will be rewarded with an entrance into eternal joy in God's presence where happiness is infinite. They are not embarrassed by their hope now, and they certainly won’t be let down in the future.

On the other hand, what wicked people expect will ultimately vanish. Their hopes—whether for wealth, status, pleasure, a long life, or avoiding divine judgement—are built on shaky grounds and will eventually crumble. Job 8:13 underscores this idea: their lofty dreams will not survive.

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By John Gills

For those who live with integrity, the path of the Lord provides strength and assurance. These upright individuals, credited with the righteousness of Christ and renewed spirits, find their strength in both the Lord's actions and His guidance. God's providence acts as a fortress, offering protection and empowerment. His expressions of love, grace, promises, and spiritual support all contribute to their spiritual resilience. By following God's directives in scripture and practice, they grow stronger and more courageous, undaunted by threats or challenges, proceeding with joy and confidence.

In contrast, destruction awaits those who choose a life of iniquity. It's not an occasional misstep but a lifestyle of sin that guarantees ruin. This path leads to misery and eventual annihilation of both body and soul. For the wicked, death brings terror, and the final judgment will only intensify their horror as they face their doom. Thus, while the upright find the way of the Lord empowering and comforting, those immersed in sin confront it with dread and fear, for God's righteousness is formidable and unyielding in its judgment.

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Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

The essence of righteousness, as observed by biblical scholar John Gills, suggests that the righteous will face shifts in life—be it due to adversities, spiritual fluctuations, or physical relocations. Just like Job, they might experience a fall from prosperity to hardship. This world offers no permanent residence for them. Yet, they’re steadfast in one pivotal aspect: their connection to divine love and security in Christ.

Despite the inevitable trials, the love of God remains unwavering and unshakeable. There may be moments of doubt, periods of hidden divine presence, and physical distance from places of worship, but these do not sever their bond with God. They’re metaphorically etched into God’s heart and palms, an ever-present reminder of His unremitting care. Even the mightiest efforts of men or devils cannot breach the safe haven they’ve found in Christ. This foundation ensures that their place in God’s family remains solid. Correction and chastisement do not alter their status as children of God, nor does self-doubt undermine their righteous standing.

Conversely, the wicked have a fleeting presence on Earth. Their time is so brief; it barely counts as inhabitation. The new earth, envisioned in prophetic scripture, will be the exclusive domain of the righteous. The wicked will not find a lasting home there, highlighting a stark contrast in eternal destinies.

In summary, while the righteous endure life’s unpredictable changes, their ultimate security and divine affiliation are unmovable. The wicked, however, enjoy only a transient stay, ultimately ceding the eternal abode to those deemed righteous.

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Paraphrased Commentary

By John Gills

A just person's words are like a tree's bountiful fruit or the earth yielding its crops—natural and enriching. This wisdom isn't about worldly savvy or malicious cunning; it's spiritual insight that's both deeply satisfying and incredibly beneficial, echoing themes from sources like Psalm 37:30.

In stark contrast, the deceitful tongue is likened to a barren, useless tree that deserves to be cut down. This "tongue of perversity" spouts blasphemies and lies, standing in opposition to all that is good and true. It's a symbol of the kind of harmful speech that's better off silenced, much like cutting down a blasphemer's tongue.

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By John Gills

The righteous have a knack for saying the right thing at the right time. They know what pleases both God and people, and their words are a refreshing dose of grace to everyone they speak to. This isn't just theoretical knowledge—they actively practice what they preach in their everyday conversations. On the flip side, the wicked are quite the opposite. Their mouths are filled with negativity and deceit, constantly spewing out what they know to be false and wrong. There’s a clear disconnect between what they truly feel and what they say; flattery and lies are their tools of the trade.

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